Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida: uma análise de seu histórico e Impacto no déficit habitacional brasileiro

Abstract

This study aims to deepen the understanding of the housing issue in Brazil, focusing on the housing deficit and the strategies implemented through public policies, with emphasis on the "Minha Casa Minha Vida" Program (MCMV). The objective is to analyze the impact of MCMV, considering its influence and contribution to mitigate the housing deficit. The methodology included a detailed analysis of the MCMV's history, highlighting income brackets and their evolution in relation to the minimum wage. Additionally, urban housing deficit data from the João Pinheiro Foundation for the period from 2009 to 2019 were used, revealing a stabilization trend that may have been motivated by the implementation of "Minha Casa, Minha Vida". Although the housing deficit persists, the results indicate a stabilization trend. Regarding the number of Program contracts, leadership was observed in the Southeast, followed by the Northeast, South, Midwest, and North, the latter showing less adherence to housing programs. GDP by region was also considered along with the Cumulative Value of Civil Construction as the basis for the analyses, linked to a relationship drawn between the number of housing units contracted by MCMV and the deficit. In the national scenario, considering average values in the study's time frame, 11.34% of the deficit was observed to be met from the housing contracted by the Program. The northern region was below the national average, while the Southeast and Northeast approached this benchmark value, and the South and Midwest exceeded it. These findings underscore the ongoing importance of effective housing policies to promote sustainable urban development and decent housing conditions for the entire Brazilian population.