Sistema de armazenamento inteligente com estratégia zero grid para geração distribuída fotovoltaica

Abstract

This work proposes the development of a smart energy storage system to mitigate the negative impacts of photovoltaic Distributed Generation on power grids, such as power flow inversion and unwanted voltage increase. To do this, the study uses a control strategy called Zero-Grid, which prioritizes storing surplus energy in batteries instead of injecting it into the utility grid. The system's architecture is based on a charger composed of a rectifier that ensures high efficiency and correction of the power factor in the interface with the grid, connected to an Interleaved Buck converter, responsible for managing the charging of a battery bank. Energy management is carried out through control loops that monitor the DC bus voltage and load current, ensuring that the residential system only consumes energy from the grid or operates in a self-consumption regime. The results of the simulations demonstrate that the device responds dynamically to variations in solar irradiation, maintaining voltage stability and meeting the strict harmonic distortion limits imposed by the IEC 61000-3-2 standard. It was concluded that the solution is scalable and effective to upgrade already installed on-grid photovoltaic systems, providing them with active management capacity and improving the resilience of the electrical system.