Potencial de produção de biogás com mistura de lodo de esgoto e resíduos provenientes da atividade de avicultura de postura

Abstract

Due to the growing concern with production and consumption to meet the demands of the population, more and more alternatives have been sought to control the disposal of sludge, waste and waste from poultry activity. Thus, the present study aimed to generate biogas from the mixture of poultry laying waste with sludge from the Sewage Treatment Station (ETE) through anaerobic digestion. The biogas from this process is formed through the transformation of organic matter carried out by the facultative anaerobic microorganisms introduced into the reactor. To carry out the experiment, a 5-liter batch reactor was used, using solutions prepared as substrates with 1g solid:20mL of distilled water and ETE sludge, as inoculum. The generated biogas was quantified using a volumetric gas meter. The accumulated production of biogas was 2,740 mL in 7 weeks of operation. During the experiment, samples were collected weekly in order to perform physicochemical analyses, namely: total solids (ST), volatile solids (SV), fixed solids (SF) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In addition, the initial and final pH values were verified, finding 7.35 and 6.39, respectively. In general, the pH analyzed was within the expected range, reaching neutral values that are more favorable to the development of methane. The COD removal in the system was used in this work as an indication of the efficiency of the anaerobic co-digestion process, presenting a reduction percentage of approximately 65% between the initial sample and the final sample, thus showing a good functioning of the biodigester. Regarding the analysis of solids, there was a reduction in the concentration of SV, in an approximate percentage of 43%. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that the biodigester proved to be a good alternative for the use and treatment of these residues, considering that it promoted the reduction of the organic load at the same time that it produced the biogas.