Clínica da atividade: uma metassíntese a partir de artigos acadêmicos da área da Psicologia nas bases de dados Scielo e BVS

Abstract

The present study aims to analyze the Brazilian academic production of Psychology on Clinics of Work and, specifically, Clinic of Activity. A Metasynthesis of the production of academic articles, from the Psychology area, was performed in the SciELO and BVS databases. The Metasynthesis is divided into the following steps: Exploration, Crossing, Refinement, Description and Interpretation. In Exploration, the following descriptors were used: “clínicas do trabalho”, “clínica do trabalho”, “clínica da atividade”, “ergologia”, “ergológico”, “ergológica”, “psicodinâmica do trabalho”, “psicossociologia do trabalho” and “psicologia social do trabalho”, which resulted in 1.029 articles. The Crossing step verified the duplicity in the material, by reading titles, in two moments: in the first, intradescript comparison, resulted in 797 articles; In the second, inter-descriptors and inter-database repetition, were obtained 518 articles. Then, the Refinement stage was performed in three moments. During the first one, 123 articles were selected for their relation with the descriptors “clínicas do trabalho”, “clínica do trabalho” and “clínica da atividade”; and through skimming of the titles, abstracts, descriptors and complete text to verify if they were anchored in the Clinic of Activity approach, we obtained a total of 81 articles. The Description stage allowed to presenting the historical mapping, panorama by descriptor, by journal, by theme addressed and by professional activities studied in the researches. The results highlight that the descriptor "clínica da atividade" is configured as the main source of formation of the research corpus; 2013 as the year with the highest publication on the topic; the journal Cadernos de Psicologia Social do Trabalho as the main means of publication; “atividade profissional” as the main topic discussed and teachers and professors as the main target audience of the research. Then, after the third moment of refinement, the Interpretation was built from 27 articles, focusing on the theoretical discussions and professional activities covered in them. In relation to the theoretical aspects, we perceive agreement with the precepts that guide the Clinic of Activity in its epistemological bases. With regard to professional activities, were analyzed the articles that discussed: the activity of teachers and activities that involve teaching-learning and research processes; the activity of health professionals; the activity of public servants; motorcycle courier activity; the activity of bus drivers; the activity of prison workers; and articles that discuss more than one professional activity. Thus, it was possible to point out, based on the ruptures and continuities perceived in the articles, the healthy or diseased potential of the work conditions, as well as the role of the collectives as a way of coping with the conditions of illness linked to professional activity. We also point out a current panorama about some professional activities, in the scenario of the Covid-19 pandemic. It is hoped, with this study, to contribute to the analysis and expansion of the discussion about the professional activities presented here, as well as to enable the application of the results presented here, both in the scientific field and in society, in order to assist in the expansion of the workers' power of action, transformation of work contexts and influence in the production and updating of public policies that will support the effective performance of professionals in their fields of work.