Análise da pesca artesanal marinha de Maceió-AL

Abstract

The fishing activity developed in the state of Alagoas is artisanal, characterized by the use of various fishing gears targeting for multi-species resources. In the capital Maceió, fishing suffers with problems resulting from unplanned urbanization pressures and pollution, which cause loss of territory, reduction of fish stocks, and consequent socioeconomic vulnerability. Moreover, basic information about fishing is scarce, which prevents an evaluation of the capacity and importance of the activity, as well as the application of support and planning measures for the maintenance of the viability of fishing activities. Therefore, the present work aimed at characterizing the local artisanal marine fishery and at analyzing its production. To this end, fishing landing information was obtained from the Z1 fishers' association, which during 2018 managed the four scales (points) for landing and marketing of fish in the city. The information about the vessels was obtained through the Fishing and Aquaculture Division of the Federal Superintendence of Agriculture of Alagoas. A database was elaborated containing 32 ethnospecies (common name) distributed in 20 families and their average first sale price and fishing modality. The types of boats used are rafts, motorboats, and tangon boats. The main fishing gears identified were handlines (43% of the fishers), gillnets (34%), trawls (17%), and longlines (6%). The estimate was done through the number of fishers’ of Z1 association that use the infrastructure for landing and preserving the fish each one was considered a productive unit. Each of these productive units, were classified the fishing modality used and its type of vessel, in order to arrive at an average relative to the fish stocks caught in question, this average was multiplied by the number of vessels of each category and fishing modality obtained. The estimated marine fisheries production of Maceió was about 1,790 t. The fishery resources most landed in Maceió were: Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, sardines (Ophistonema oglinum, Harengula clupeola, Pellona harroweri), Farfantepenaeus subtilis, Litopenaeus schmitti and Coryphaena hippurus. The 3rd quarter was the period of greatest capture. Fisheries management in Maceió is inefficient in terms of monitoring, training, recording and inspection of the activity.