O efeito microclimático da aplicação de envoltórias vegetadas no contexto tropical úmido alagoano

Abstract

The influence of vegetation and its beneficial action in the microclimate is one of the main strategies used to mitigate air temperatures in urban centers. With the use of underfloor elements such as grasses and large trees, the diffusion of possibilities for the application of vegetated elements in land and buildings has been increasing over the years. Some characteristics should be considered when choosing the type of vegetated structure to be applied in the space in order to obtain its influence in a given location. The General objective of this thesis was to evaluate and predict the influence of envelops (walls and roof) vegetated as possible elements for the mitigation of the microclimate, in the humid tropical microclimatic context, with a case study in Maceió, Alagoas. For This purpose, micrometeorological measurements were made in loco, through a mobile station, to acquire data used as a basis for the definition of internal parameters, to be fed in the ENVI-Met computational program, used for acquisition of the main results of this research. Based on the choice of a type of vegetative element for application in wraps, hypothetical scenarios of changes in the local urban parameters were created in relation to the spacing and indentations of the buildings and the insertion of vegetated envelops in Existing buildings in an urban cut. These scenarios varied in seventeen hypothetical typologies, being one based on the real clipping, ten with modifications in the intralotes areas and six scenarios with the insertion of vegetated envelops with the use of vegetation in creeper. As The main results found, the differences in air temperatures reached values of up to 3 ° C of reduction in scenarios with the insertion of vegetated envelops in comparison to scenarios with changes in relocations and scenery based on the actual clipping. Regarding the influence of urban ventilation in the studied context, it is worth noting that the locations positioned to windward did not suffer expressive influence of the vegetative elements of the envelopment, reaching up to 0.5 ° C less between the air temperatures In simulated scenarios. For sites to be sotavento the direction and wind velocity at the study site directly influenced the data acquired by the simulations, taking into consideration three points of analysis, presenting temperatures averaging 2 ° C less in scenarios with the presence of vegetated total envelops than the other simulated scenarios. The results indicate that the influence of vegetated envelops in urban areas can mitigate the air temperature of the site in which these elements are inserted and can be an important aid for urban planning in the definition of parameters that involve Indexes of green areas as well as in urban parameters such as indentation and feedbacks in order to bring possibilities for the implantation of urban vegetation, especially in areas with high rates of land occupation.