Avaliação da capacidade de retenção da espuma de poliuretano e da fibra da Paina (Chorisia speciosa) aplicado na limpeza de derramamento de óleo diesel

Abstract

Due to their strong hydrophobic and oleophilic properties, polyurethane foams and pail fiber offer a good alternative for cleaning up oil spills in the aquatic environment. This work focuses on the study of polyurethane foams as sorbent material. For this, a morphological study (SEM), thermal analysis (TGA / DTG), bulk density, functional groups analysis (FTIR), gravimetric tests (to obtain the sorption capacity in dry static medium at room temperature and in Different temperatures) and determination of the degree of hydrophobicity. To increase the sorption studies, paina, a natural fiber, was inserted as a comparative material, in which the bench tests performed with the polyurethane foam were repeated. According to the gravimetric tests the natural fiber presents higher sorption capacity compared to the polyurethane foam, however, the synthetic fiber is more stable. It was also observed that in both studied times, in the static sorption at different temperatures, the polyurethane foam increases as time and temperature increase.