Degradação biológica de água de produção de petróleo utilizando reatores em bateladas sequenciais

Abstract

The oil, its derived products and the wates generated in this productive chain possess a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, considered hazardous substances of difficult degradation. The work proposed inserts itself inside the subject of reduction of the environmental impacts provoked by the oil and its derived, products focusing the aspects of characterization, quantification and treatment of the liquid wastes generated in the productive chain in the state of Alagoas. An experimental system composed by two sequencing batch reactors, being one anaerobic and other aerobic, in bench scale, with cycles of 24 hours during 260 days and in 8 distinct phases, treating diluted oil production water in synthetic sanitary sewer. Physico-chemical and microbiologic analyses were carried out the experiment. The data show ed that the system in the first phase of operation, presented a mean efficiency of removal of cod DQO of 84%. In the following phases the oil waste was increased in smaller fractions, for better adaptation of the sludge inoculum. It was verified an abrupt fall in the efficiency of cod removal in the beginning of each phase, increasing gradually as the time elapsed, showing the capacity of adaptation of the biomass to the waste treated. The system presented satisfactory results regarding amonification and nitrification. The results indicate that the anaerobic/aerobic biological system presents itself as an efficient alternative for the treatment of this oil waste, to transform these pollutant compounds in substances less harmful to the environment.