Viabilidade técnica da implantação de um sistema de aproveitamento de águas pluviais: estudo de caso da unidade da UFAL Campus do Sertão em Santana do Ipanema - AL

Abstract

One of the major issues related to the use of water resources in the world is the conservation of water that can occur in two ways, by conventional and unconventional measures. One of the unconventional measures most used in Brazil, mainly in the northeast region is the use of rain water for human consumption and animal fodder. The use of rainwater is practiced in countries such as the United States, Germany, Japan, among others, with the main objective of reducing runoff, minimizing flooding, and optimizing the conscious use of drinking water, in Brazil. The system is used in some cities of the Northeast, mainly as a source of drinking water supply, due to the lack of a drinking water supply network or the shortage caused by long periods of drought. The use of rainwater is feasible due to the decrease in the demand of water provided by sanitation companies, reducing the costs of drinking water, and reducing the risk of flooding in the event of heavy rains. In the process of collecting rainwater, impermeable areas are used, mainly the roof. To the detriment of the great contamination of the roofs by the sedimentation of several contaminants during the drought period, it is highly recommended that the first 2mm of rain falling from the roof be discarded. The rainwater collected through the gutters, vertical and horizontal conductors is stored in a reservoir and can be made of different materials. The stored water should be used for both potable and non-potable consumption, and for the former a prior treatment is required, non-potable use cases can be used in sanitary basins, garden faucets, vehicle washing and washing clothing. This work deals with the technical feasibility analysis of the implantation of a rainwater harvesting system in the 1st STAGE OF THE SANTANA OF THE EDUCATIONAL UNIT SANTANA DO IPANEMA, UFAL - Campus Sertão, with the objective of estimating the demand for non-potable water and calculate the reliability of rainwater harvesting system. For its execution, the Simulation Method was used according to the recommendations of NBR 15.527 / 2007. It should be noted that the main motivation for the implantation of the rainwater storage reservoir was to irrigate the green areas of the educational unit, it is concluded that the dimensions of the reservoir for the rainfall regime of the city make it impossible to meet the total demand , however, partial demand of 2,31 m³ / day can be met with a maximum reservoir volume of 400m³.