Otimização estrutural de treliças metálicas plenas empregadas em cobertas considerando critérios de resistência

Abstract

The actual construction field scenario is inherently competitive and scarce of resources, in which professionals are constantly pressured to find the best way to design structures while considering profit, time and natural resources. Hereupon, structural optimization is necessary because it consists of a systematic method to find the best structure configuration. In these terms, the present work intends to use shape optimization for the design of steel flat trusses roofs. In order to do that, the Finite Element Method was used to evaluate the internal forces acting on the trusses; some parameters that define the geometry of the structure were delineated, and the ASTM A36 steel was adopted as standard, since this steel is widely used on the construction field. In addition, this work is concerned with conducting the optimization process always meeting certain constraints, such as tension, compression and buckling. Lastly, regarding the results, the shape optimization process was effective in finding the lowest volume of the structure; consequently, the geometric models obtained were more economic and low weigth than the usual configurations.