Preditores antropométricos de um novo evento cardiovascular: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) stand out as one of the leading causes of death worldwidein the world, mainly due to coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke (stroke). Several risk factors have been described as determinants of these diseases, which that contributes to the increase of their CVD worldwide rates in a global scope, especially overweight and obesity. Thus, identifying individuals at greater risk and ensuring that they receive adequate treatment can improve quality of life and prevent recurrence of events, as well as prevent premature deaths. In this context, it is important to investigate whether overweight and obesity predict the occurrence of a new cardiovascular event, due to thesince they are promoters of hormonal, metabolic and inflammatory changes occurring, especially in among individuals with established CVD, thus making them vulnerable to the occurrence of new events. Therefore, for this dissertation, which deals with this theme, is divided into two chapters; one containing a literature review chapter and other a scientific article of results were elaborated. The first oneformer describe deals with the epidemiological and social aspects of CVD, the risk factors involved in the recurrence of CVD events, the possible contributions of overweight and obesity in the progression of these diseases and the presentation of studies that verified this risk factor as a possible predictor of cardiovascular events. The results article aimed to evaluate the predictive capacity of anthropometric indicators as predictor for a new nonfatal cardiovascular event. It´s thus, a systematic review was designed considering only controlled trials anddrawn from cohort studies and clinical trials whose population was composed of adult and elderly individuals Who presented with a personal history of cardiovascular event and were on secondary prevention for a new non-fatal cardiovascular event. In the initial search, 12,28 articles were found retrieved and, after the reading screening by titles, and abstract, followed by and application of eligibility criteriafull-text reading, 15 studies were selectedincluded in the narrative synthesis. The studies were performed with individuals of both sexes presenting coronary and cerebral artery diseases and body mass index (BMI) was the most used indicator (73.33% of the studies) in the prediction of new nonfatal cardiovascular outcomes. However, when evaluating the methodological quality of the studies, only four (26.66%) were classified as "strong", and in two of them the "obesity paradox" is highlighted. Thus, there are few studies using anthropometric markers to predict the recurrence of nonfatal cardiovascular events and, when present, the low methodological quality in their elaboration leaves them more susceptible to the risk of bias by compromising them in the presented results.