Dinâmica industrial na agroindústria canavieira brasileira: uma abordagem da mudança industrial via mudança técnica

Abstract

The evolution within an economic context is the result of the adaptation process of the firms the industrial structure of the sector, these ' adaptations ' correspond to the result of an intense action of search and selection, where the economic imbalance corroborates the existence of this process. Within the notion of technological paradigm established by Dosi (1988), the firm chooses the best alternative, procedures, criteria and rules established ex ante, their actions are derived from the conditions of uncertainty, defined by the basis of information obtained in addition to the accumulation of knowledge - formal and informal - the capacity to acquire technologies and viewing opportunities. Nelson and Winter (1982) show that technical progress is endogenous in nature, this progress can be built from the establishment of patterns of response actions, or rather routines. These routines can be divided into long and short term. As the dynamics of technical progress is endogenous technical change is coming this procedure adaptive routines, from the same are established technological trajectories, which differ from industry to industry, as the dominant technology in an industry is not necessarily put to other. In this context, this dissertation seeks to demonstrate the existence of such a process applied to the sugarcane sector, after it has undergone sweeping changes since the merger and acquisition through foreign capital investment companies or other sectors, corroborating the concentration of productive activity the hands of some economic groups thus are identified characteristics of both technology standards Schumpeter Mark I and Schumpeter Mark II, many firms are in this industry, however, the process of creative destruction promoted by the accumulation of knowledge is intense. The aim was to analyze the industrial dynamics present in the sugarcane industry through models, aiming at a better understanding about the transformation started with Proálcool and heated with deregulation and lastly the impact of the international economic crisis in 2008. For this purpose, we used data collected from the Procana, ANP (National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels) and reports production cost PECEGE (Continuing Education Program in Economics and Business Management) linked to ESALQ. For the analysis, we used statistical and econometric models (Factor Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis and Analysis of Panel Data). How relevant results it is found that: i) the changes occurred may last for a few more years, ii) the endogenous variables of each plants is that they are influencing the intense transformation, since the applied technologies has originated in response patterns, iii) routinization has shown strong impact on industry structure resulting from the process of search and selection, plants are failing to adapt are declaring bankruptcy or being acquired by larger iv) as a result of creative destruction, economic groups are influencing the concentration of industry, this action is a result of the accumulation of capital and better adaptation v) the concentration of capital is taking place in the South Central region of the country, approximately within the ' polygon ' development, highlighted by Breitbach (2004) and expanding around this region.