Alterações nos parâmetros bioquímicos de pacientes obesos com doença renal crônica em tratamento conservador

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is characterized by the presence of abnormalities in the structure or function of the kidneys, with health implications, present for a period longer than three months. According to the Brazilian Society of Nephrology, kidney disease had a prevalence of 7.2% of people over 30 years old in 2019, reaching values between 28% to 46% in people over 64 years old. Changes can be observed, such as the inflammatory state, proteinenergy malnutrition, hydroelectrolytic imbalance. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical and nutritional profile of chronic renal patients undergoing conservative treatment treated at a University Hospital in Maceió, AL. This is a cross-sectional study, which consisted of patients with CKD over 18 years of age. Sociodemographic, socioeconomic, clinical, anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. According to the results, it was seen that of the 52 patients evaluated, most had some comorbidity associated with CKD, with diabetes mellitus (57.69%) and arterial hypertension (76.92%) being the most prevalent. most patients were overweight/obese and showed biochemical alterations, such as high lipid profile, glycemic alterations, renal function markers, calcium and phosphorus. For creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the non-difference between the groups was maintained, as for the other biochemical parameters, however, a lower mean is observed in the obese group in creatinine and urea (the latter with a statistical difference p< 0.05) and higher GFR for the obese (value for mean, with no statistical difference). It is concluded that the findings of the study did not demonstrate benefits in obesity of markers of renal alterations, as the inflammatory and chronic state of this pathology causes pathophysiological changes in renal structure and performance, which in the future will culminate in organ dysfunction. This fact can be observed through the high GFR averages and decreased creatinine.