Violência obstétrica: conceptualização e mecanismos jurídicos de prevenção e punição

Abstract

Obstetric violence is a violation of women's rights during pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium, occurring in physical and psychological aspects, impairing women's perception of themselves, violating sexual and reproductive rights and ignoring their subjectivity. Therefore, this work aims to address this important topic, discussing its concept, public policies, legal framework and punishments. First, its conceptualization was addressed, reporting historical aspects and characterizations of this violence, in terms of physical, psychological, sexual, institutional, material and media. Then, the Brazilian legal scenario was approached, dealing with coping institutes, existing legislative frameworks and narratives of obstetric violence cases and their conduct by the Judiciary. Later, the legal mechanisms for prevention and repression were discussed, including the actions of the Public Ministry of Alagoas to fight them. In the end, the research demonstrates that the theme is a recent focus and, for this reason, it needs the strengthening of social and Legislative Power to conceptualize and propose approaches and accountability for such situations, requiring changes in the legal, social and training spheres health professionals in order to avoid such practices.