Condicionantes bioclimáticos de inserção urbana e implantação: estudo em conjuntos habitacionais do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida no bairro Benedito Bentes em Maceió-AL

Abstract

The Brazilian Housing Program Minha Casa, Minha Vida supported the production of millions of housing units throughout the country. Cities and neighborhoods were transformed due to the large scale of housing projects where, in many cases, the quality of insertion and urban design were neglected, especially from the perspective of bioclimatology. The objective of this dissertation was to carry out a study on the quality of housing projects of the PMCMV in the neighborhood of Benedito Bentes in Maceió - AL, from elements of the urban form that influence the climate. This neighborhood was chosen because it is the most representative area of the PMCMV action in the city. Were selected 7 builds to be analyzed based on indicators relates to urban insertion and implementation. This work aims to contribute to the understanding of the processes of transformation of cities and neighborhoods caused by the implementation of the PMCMV, with an emphasis on bioclimatic concepts of urban morphology, expanding this view of the quality of environmental comfort, beyond the housing unit. The results show that the sets prioritized the quantitative, contributing to a homogeneous and monofunctional urban landscape. The sets with urban insertion far from consolidated areas of the city often contribute to unwanted changes in the UHs, often to offer trades or services that are non-existent in the region. These unplanned modifications directly influence the permeability of the soil and wind flows, influencing the climate and the users' feeling of comfort. In general, there is a lack of landscaping of the spaces, aiming at the quality of the buildings, the use of leisure equipment and pedestrian walkability. The study reinforces that large-scale production imposes a logic that often disregards the elements of good architecture and urbanism, all scales are interrelated and dialogue with the socio-spatial context of which the set is inserted is necessary.