Representações sociais da arte da pintura do ventre materno para gestantes: tecituras baseadas em Moscovici

Abstract

The Art of Maternal Womb Painting is an artistic and therapeutic technique used to represent the imaginary baby and the attachments of pregnancy, like the placenta and the umbilical cord. In this sense, the study had as the object the social representations of women that experiencing the painting in their maternal womb. This dissertation had as general objective: To understand the social representations of pregnant women about the experience of the Art of Maternal Womb Painting. This was a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, that had as theoretical reference the Theory of Social Representations, by Serge Moscovici, carried out with pregnant women assisted in prenatal care in health basic units in the city of Maceió / AL, Brazil, obeying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The information was produced from a semi-structured interview in two stages, the first to characterize the participants and the second after performing the technique of the Art of Maternal Womb Painting, to understand the social representations facing this experience. The study was carried out from October / 2020 to March / 2021, after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Alagoas, under CAAE: 23846619.1.0000.5013. For data analysis and interpretation, the thematic contente analysis method, by Bardin, was used. As a results, two thematic categories emerged: 1) “Generating the imaginary baby: a continuous process based on anchoring and objectification”, contemplating the subcategories “I wish to do the painting”, “Dreams and feelings that reveal the imaginary baby” and “Transforming the intangible into 'familiar/near’”; and 2) “The experience of the Art of Maternal Womb Painting”, comprising the subcategories “Social Representations about womb painting for the being ‘women who is pregnant’” and “Social Representations of the experience of the Art of Maternal Womb Painting”. From this study, it was possible to understand the feelings and the aspirations of women during pregnancy and identified the potential of this painting technique in promoting the bond between mother and baby, as well as between family members and the health professional.