Sob a luz do habitar: impacto de reformas autogeridas no desempenho luminoso de unidades habitacionais de interesse social

Abstract

Self-managed retrofit are adaptations promoted by residents, who seek to meet spatial and functional needs in the spaces where they live. Due to lack of planning, these adaptations neglect aspects such as daylighting, which ends up compromising their performance. Thus, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the influence of self-managed retrofit on the performance of daylighting in housing units in a residential complex located in Maceió. For this, the Jardim Royal Residential Complex was adopted as a case study. The luminous performance of the housing unit was evaluated, and then models representing the units with self-managed retrofit were evaluated. Furthermore, the results of the reformed models were compared with the original design. The TropLux 8 software was used as a tool for computer simulation and the metrics Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA), Annual Sun Exposure (ASE) and Average Annual Illuminance Variation (∆EMA) were adopted. Furthermore, the work plans of the living/dining room and kitchen are considered; the period corresponding to the interval from 8:30 am to 5:30 pm for all days of the year; and the northeast, southeast, southwest and northwest orientations, according to the implantation adopted in the place. A survey of the current situation was also carried out, through Google Street View, and changes were found in the homes in relation to the original structure. The results indicate that the original project already presents a good performance and that the modifications in the original structure of the wall and roof parallel to the living/dining room and kitchen negatively altered the levels of illuminance and light sufficiency in the work plan of these spaces. It appears that the obstruction of the celestial vault is the main cause of the decrease in the luminous performance of the analyzed work plans and that part of this damage can be minimized with the adoption of design strategies such as the use of hollow elements, balconies, lateral or zenithal openings and fixed or flexible sunscreens.