Gastos culturais e dependência espacial: uma análise dos municípios brasileiros em 2015

Abstract

This study analyzes the spatial distribution of per capita public spending on culture in Brazilian municipalities, focusing on regional inequalities and territorial dependency patterns in 2015. The research uses data from the Brazilian Public Sector Accounting and Fiscal Information System (SICONFI/FINBRA) and the Demographic Census (IBGE), applying spatial statistical techniques, such as Global and Local Moran’s I (LISA), to identify significant clusters of cultural investments and estimate spatial econometric models that capture the interdependence among neighboring municipalities. The results reveal a strong concentration of cultural investments in major urban centers in the South and Southeast regions, while the North and Northeast face significant resource scarcity. The Global Moran’s I and the spatial models confirm the existence of positive spatial autocorrelation, highlighting regional spillover effects. The SEM and SAR models indicate that variables such as household income per capita, Gini index, and urbanization are determinants of cultural resource allocation. The spatial dependence in residuals suggests that unobserved factors in one municipality affect investments in neighboring areas. This study contributes to the understanding of the economic and territorial processes shaping the distribution of cultural investments in Brazil, emphasizing the importance of considering regional dynamics to explain cultural disparities.