Conhecimentos e competencias do enfermeiro na avaliação e tratamento de feridas crônicas

Abstract

Introduction: The skin, the largest organ in the human body, acts as a protective barrier and is subject to injuries that can evolve into chronic wounds, posing a relevant public health problem as it impacts quality of life. In this context, nurses stand out in comprehensive care, based on technical-scientific knowledge. Objective: To describe its role in treating these injuries. Method: This is a qualitative, descriptive bibliographic review, carried out in the VHL, PubMed and Google Scholar databases, with studies from 2020 to 2025. Results: 30 studies were selected, which highlighted central thematic axes related to chronic wounds, including the healing process, factors associated with chronification and different types of injuries. Furthermore, the physical, psychological and social repercussions of these conditions on the lives of patients were highlighted. Regarding the role of nurses, the literature points to their fundamental role in the comprehensive assessment of injuries, the implementation of care protocols, the use of assessment instruments and the conduct of treatment, with a focus on promoting healing and improving quality of life. Final considerations: It is concluded that chronic wounds require qualified assistance based on scientific knowledge, highlighting the essential role of nurses in assessment, therapeutic choice and delivery of care, contributing to better clinical outcomes and quality of life. As limitations, the scarcity and heterogeneity of studies stand out. It is recommended to strengthen professional training, encourage scientific production and expand public policies.