Prospecção tecnológica de extratos, frações e isolados de plantas para o tratamento do glioblastoma

Abstract

Glioblastoma is an aggressive primary brain cancer that has high lethality and low survival, even after standard multimodal treatment with surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this context, natural products stand out as a promising source of bioactive compounds with antitumor properties, which can contribute to the development of new antineoplastic drugs and to improving the therapeutic response. Many molecules isolated from plants have innovative and complex mechanisms of action, which can overcome the limitations of conventional treatments. Given this scenario, the present work aimed to map technological productions related to extracts, fractions or active ingredients isolated from plants with biological activity against glioblastoma. To this end, searches were conducted in the Espacenet, Patentscope, USPTO, Lens and INPI databases, using pre-established descriptors. As a result, 11,211 patent documents were found. After the initial analysis and definition of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 documents were selected for individual analysis. A total of 19 plants were identified, with emphasis on the Cannabis sp. genus, which was found in 9 patents. Regarding the status, 6 were active, 13 were pending and 1 was interrupted. The largest number of publications occurred in 2013, with 5 registrations. The country of application with the largest number of filings was Germany, with a total of 8. In terms of priority country, the United States stood out with 8 patents. The Japanese were the main depositors, with 5 filings. Regarding the profile of depositors, the pharmaceutical industry and universities were the categories that stood out. The most common IPC was A61K, with 100% of the documents containing this classification. The experimental data presented in the patents demonstrated that the medicinal plants included in this study act through diverse mechanisms of action and have potent antitumor activity, and may be sources of new drugs for the treatment of glioblastoma.