Concentrações de própolis no potencial fisiologico de sementes de Pterogyne nitens Tul.

Abstract

Pterogyne nitens Tul, popularly known as wild peanut, is a native forest species of the Atlantic Forest with great ornamental, economic and ecological potential, standing out in the reforestation of degraded areas due to its characteristics of fast growth and tolerance to different edaphoclimatic conditions. However, the attack of pathogenic organisms in seeds causes a decrease in their physiological quality, directly influencing the production of quality seedlings. That said, the study aimed to evaluate the effect of concentrations of alcoholic extract of green propolis on the physiological potential of P. nitens seeds. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Phytotechnics belonging to the Campus of Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Rio Largo, AL, Brazil. The experimental design used was completely randomized (DIC), with four replicates of 25 seeds per treatment. Five treatments were tested at doses of alcoholic extract of green propolis (11% dry extract) of 0 mL (control), 2, 4, 8 and 16 mL per liter of distilled water. The seeds were soaked in the respective solutions and placed in transparent plastic boxes and taken to a Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D.) germination chamber set at a constant temperature of 30 °C. The variables analyzed were: first count, final percentage, speed index, average time, uncertainty, average germination speed and germination synchrony, in addition to the length and dry mass of seedlings. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANAVA), the analyses were evaluated with the aid of the SISVAR 5.6 software, and the means compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. Regarding the performance of the seeds under different concentrations of the alcoholic propolis extract, it was clear that the untreated seeds (control) had better performance, presenting values of 90 and 97% respectively for the variables first germination count and germination, unlike the treated seeds, where the maximum dosage of 16 mL of the propolis extract resulted in a decrease in all the variables analyzed. It is worth mentioning that no studies were entered in the literature for the referred species. Concentrations of propolis extract negatively interfere in the physiological potential of Pterogyne nitens Tul seeds, and are not recommended for the treatment of seeds of this species.