Toxicidade e uso das drogas k na última década: uma abordagem integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: K drugs, also known by the names K2, K4, K9 or “spice” have been erroneously reported as synthetic cannabinoids (CS), however, although the effects caused by K drugs resemble those caused by the use of cannabis, such damages toxicological effects reach a much higher level in terms of potency, intensity and duration. It is a public health problem due to the growth in consumption and forms of use, in addition to presenting undetermined toxicity and a lack of information on pharmacology and the consequences of long-term use. Method: It consists of an integrative literature review, based on two systematic review approaches: one on the toxicity of the main base substances for the synthesis of derivative drugs that make up K9; and another approach to the epidemiology of the use of this drug in Brazil and around the world. Results: The data collected indicated an accelerated growth of the illegal market, combined with chemical variability that makes it difficult to detect compounds using conventional methods. Furthermore, the findings indicate severe adverse effects, which are still undefined in the long term, but which may involve brain damage. . The consumption scenario in Brazil is similar to the rest of the world, indicating a rapid increase in poisoning cases in recent years. Conclusion: It is known that this is a challenge to global authorities and still lacks detection, control and surveillance measures, as well as damage reduction. Thus, the consumption of K drugs has become a significant public health problem.