Ansiedade traço-estado, risco para depressão, suporte familiar e empoderamento de pessoas transgênero do estado de Alagoas

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: this research has as its object of study state-trait anxiety, risk for depression, family support and empowerment of transgender people in the State of Alagoas. Transgender people can be defined as individuals who possibly do not identify biologically with their sexual organs, nor with the sociocultural attributions related to their figure. Among the problems that affect the health of the transgender population, there is anxiety and depression. And, the participation of family members in this context of psychic illness can influence the well-being of transgender people and the search for the empowerment of transgender men and women, regardless of their gender, appearance or sexuality. OBJECTIVE: to analyze statetrait anxiety, risk for depression, family support and empowerment of transgender people in the State of Alagoas. METHODS: this is a quantitative, descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study carried out in the state of Alagoas. The following instruments were used: Sociodemographic Identification Questionnaire, Empowerment Scale (EE), Perceived Family Support Inventory (IPSF), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Depression Scale – CESD Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The data resulting from the collection were entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 2.0. Data were descriptively analyzed by calculating frequencies, means and Standard Deviation (SD). RESULTS: thirty-seven transgenders were interviewed, 51.5% (n=19) were female and 48.6% (n=18) were male, with a mean age of 27.3 years, and mean age between the sexes. 26.6 years for males and 28 years for females. The mean age also varied when compared to sexual orientation, being 28.7 years for heterosexuals, 33.5 years for homosexuals, 28 years for bisexuals and 24.1 years for pansexuals. The self-reported color was predominantly Black 45.9% (n=17). Regarding education, 27% (n=10) had completed high school and 24.3% (n=9) had completed higher education. From the assessment of state anxiety, most had moderate anxiety (34 – 91.9%). In the assessment of trait anxiety, it was identified that 34 (91.9%) people had moderate anxiety. It was observed through the study that 64.9% of trans people who participated in the research are at risk for depression. It was found that 94.6% (n=35) of respondents had low family support, and 5.4% (n=2) had low medium support. Participants obtained an average of 9.72 level of empowerment. The aspects that most contribute to empowerment are the factors “power and powerlessness” and “Optimism and control of the future”. CONCLUSION: It is important to emphasize the need to develop more studies related to the transgender population in Brazil, which made the present study relevant, especially when considering issues related to mental health, empowerment and family support. These are important factors that need to be studied to better understand the reality of trans people, as well as the survey of sociodemographic data to better characterize the profile of these individuals.