Indígenas mulheres fazendo cidade: um estudo a partir de trajetórias individuais, Garanhuns – PE (1991-2024)

Abstract

This research emerges from a perennially colonizing framework and analytically rewrites it through the actions and thoughts of indigenous political and epistemic subjects. It is through biographical itineraries that I undo hegemonic narratives, not only writing about indigenous women in history, but, jointly, pursuing their inscriptions. Bearing in mind that the indigenous-city relationship is a topic little explored in historiographical domains – where remnants of assimilationist, integrationist and aculturalist “theories” can be observed, creating stereotypical frames that deny indigenous existence in the urbis –, I focus on the city experiences of three indigenous people women living on the outskirts of Garanhuns – PE, Kûnã Kambiwá, Ana Clara Xukuru do Ororubá and Ana Beatriz Pankará. In this way, in addition to subverting hegemonic propositions, I intend to analyze, counter-hegemonically, the sociopolitical dynamics established by the city-making of indigenous women. It is about understanding the resistance strategies that transform “Suíça Pernambucana” into a “village”. To this end, I establish theoretical dialogues with the fields of New Indigenous History (Almeida, [2003] 2013; Cunha, 1992; Monteiro, [1994] 2022) and the History of Women and gender relations (Perrot, [1998] 2005; Scott, [1989] 1995; Sampaio, 2021), in addition to aspects of Abya Yala's critical feminist epistemologies (Aimará Paredes, 2013; Lugones, [2008] 2020; Segato, 2021). Regarding methodological aspects, I sought support at the interface between evidentiary-based microhistory (Ginzburg, [1986] 1989; Revel, [1996] 1998), Oral History (Alberti, [2013] 2021; Meihy, [2000 ] 2005) and critical epistemologies arising from the intellectual production of indigenous women (Maori Smith, [1999] 2018; Pankararu Ramos, 2019), aiming to decolonize research instruments. The perspective of indigenous protagonism, developed by the New Indigenous History, as well as the critique of gender colonialiti, originating from Abya Yala's feminisms, were fundamental to the analysis, as they allowed us to understand the movement through which indigenous women play a leading role in their stories; in cities, they not only inhabit, but also fill it with meanings. The sources consulted, although fragmented, are abundant, in the documentary scope there are academic productions, interviews, journalistic texts, images, statistical data, etc.