Inventário de gases de efeito estufa de Alagoas: setores de energia, agricultura e pecuária

Abstract

Faced with the great challenges that humanity faces regarding climate change and the need to outline and quantify impacts, also of anthropogenic origin, on atmospheric dynamics, the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) inventory is one of the basic tools that provides relevant data to direct certain public policies, or civil society actions, to reduce GHG emissions into the atmosphere. Considering that the State of Alagoas has few scientific productions on GHG sources and emissions, this research aims to prepare an inventory of Greenhouse Gases within the Alagoas territory for the year 2019 using data on the use of wood and coal , road transport, livestock, agriculture and CO2 stock in Conservation Units (UCs) in Alagoas. To this end, we list the following specific objectives: quantify, in the specified sectors, emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), measure CO2 stocks in the UCs of Alagoas and analyze how main sources responsible for GHG emissions in the territory of Alagoas. To achieve the objectives of this work, a qualitative-quantitative research was carried out, organized in the following stages: characterization of the study site, identification and selection of emission sources and their respective GHGs and UCs, definition of the types of gases inventoried , screening and choosing the formulas and procedures to be applied, delimiting the emission factor coefficients for each type of source and gas, making estimates and presenting the GHG inventory in comparative data analysis. In 2019, disregarding eucalyptus cultivation, Alagoas emitted around 13.8 MtCO2e, of which 75% came from raising animals drawn by cattle, 17% from road transport, 6% from the cultivation of temporary and permanent crops, especially , by the cultivation of sugar cane and 2% of the use of wood. CO2 stocks are also highlighted in conservation units, of which Environmental Protection Areas are the largest CO2 stores.