Avaliação dos parâmetros da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular muscular

Abstract

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by recurrent and intermittent episodes of partial or incomplete obstruction of the upper airways, causing apnea, hypoxia and ventilatory effort, followed by a transient awakening and clearance of the airways, reestablishing the air flow. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass pain conditions and functional deficiencies that occur in the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles and adjacent structures, and can present high complexity in pathophysiology and varied spectrums of comorbidities, such as headaches and sleep disorders. Objective: to investigate OSAS parameters in patients with muscular TMD by analyzing sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - PSQI) and risk of OSAS (Berlin Questionnaire - BQ), pain and jaw function in patients with TMD (DC/DTM). Methodology: The sample consisted of 39 participants, predominantly female, with an average age of 44 years, body mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m², cervical circumference of 34.4 cm, of which 76.9% they had muscular TMD and headache and myofascial pain level 8 (visual analogue scale; 1-10). Results: According to the PSQI, 28.2% had sleep disorders and 64.1% had poor sleep quality. At the same time, according to the BQ, 46.2% had excessive daytime sleepiness and 48.7% were at high risk for OSAS. Conclusion: OSAS is considered a public health problem that can pose serious risks to the health of the population and can change its parameters when associated with other comorbidities (such as TMD).