Otimização estrutural de vigas de concreto armado implementação e análise simplificadas em um projeto de engenharia utilizando as ferramentas Solver e FMINCON

Abstract

Optimizing the use of materials and reducing construction costs is essential in today's civil engineering market, given its direct influence on construction budgets. However, there are still gaps in the practical application of optimization methods in structural design, especially in comparative studies using different approaches and computational tools. This paper analyzes the optimization of reinforced concrete beams for a two-storey house, initially designed using the conventional method, and explores the comparison between traditional and optimized methods, with a focus on reducing costs without compromising the safety and functionality of the structures. Three beams were designed using the conventional method and optimized in different scenarios, varying parameters such as fck and steel gauge types, in two different states, Sergipe and Bahia. The analysis involved beams designed using the Carvalho and Figueiredo Filho method, with initial sections of 12×30 cm, which were optimized using the Excel Solver tool and Matlap fmincon, resulting in sections of 12×25 cm. A detailed cost assessment was then carried out, which indicated a significant reduction in costs in all scenarios. The study revealed that the material with the greatest impact on the total cost was formwork, especially in its first use, and that, when comparing the two states, the budget presented by ORSE was more economical. The application of optimization methods resulted in cost savings while maintaining structural safety. In addition to reducing the cost of reinforced concrete beams, the study contributes to the literature with a practical use of optimization in real projects, opening up space for future research.