A importância da leitura cartográfica no ensino de geopolítica - Um estudo aplicado ao 9o ano do ensino fundamental (2023-2024)

Abstract

This course conclusion work discusses the importance of cartographic representations for the development of geographic reasoning, cartographic literacy and geopolitical understanding from the 9th year of Elementary School onwards. The research aims to carry out a

bibliographical study on some of the main classical theories of geopolitics and the teaching- learning process in this field of study. Furthermore, it investigates the damage caused by the

absence of cartographic representations when approaching geopolitical content, which requires historical and spatial interpretation of complex issues. During Supervised Internship II in 2023, problems were diagnosed in the students' cartographic reading. As an intervention plan, a questionnaire was prepared for a 9th year elementary school class. Of the 20 questions, 3 were personal questions and 17 were multiple choice questions. The sample included 28 students from a public school in the city of Paulo Afonso (BA), who responded in person to the questionnaire on the afternoon of September 11, 2024. The results identified successes and gaps in relation to basic issues of location and orientation, which significantly compromises students' understanding of geopolitical topics that require the visualization of complex information. It is concluded, therefore, that pedagogical practice with cartographic representations is essential for the development of skills that promote, in principle, students' historical and spatial understanding.