Impacto da dieta mediterrânea sobre a incidência de câncer de mama em mulheres: uma revisão narrativa

Abstract

Breast cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rates among women and among the main risk factors are environmental ones, which include eating habits. Other important risk factors are genetics and reproductive history. When it comes to food, the likelihood of an unbalanced diet with low nutritional quality having a negative impact is high. Several studies have shown the association between the Mediterranean Diet (MD), which is known for the wide consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes and nuts, whole grain breads and cereals, fish, olive oil, wine and small amounts of red meat, milk and butter; and breast cancer. Based on this, the objective was to review studies that discuss the association between the Mediterranean diet and its impact on breast cancer and thus establish whether or not there is a relationship with the prevention of breast cancer in women. This is a narrative review that, to reach the proposed objective, studies were searched in the databases/tools PUBMED, SciELO and Google Scholar using the following descriptors: “breast cancer”, “Mediterranean diet”, “incidence”, and that also met specific objectives. From the reading and analyzed results, it was concluded that DM is related to the prevention of breast cancer, with bioactive compounds in the diet, fiber, phytoestrogens, omega-3, antioxidant vitamins and minerals, being responsible for anticancer functions.