Relação entre a disbiose e o desenvolvimento de obesidade em adultos: revisão narrativa

Abstract

In recent years, the prevalence of obesity has increased almost everywhere in the world, being considered a global epidemic. It is defined by the excessive accumulation of body fat of multifactorial etiology, being capable of promoting several Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Evidence suggests that there are differences between the gut microbiota of obese and eutrophic individuals. This alteration in the microbiota called dysbiosis is triggered mainly by the excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods, rich in sugars and fat, and is mainly associated with the imbalance of two phyla, Bacteroides and Firmicutes, which can cause an increase in body fat and consequently the development of obesity. The main objective of the present study is to search the literature for the relationship between the altered gut microbiota and its role in the development of obesity, as there seems to be a close relationship between its development and the consequent inflammatory condition. However, more studies are needed to directly identify the specific metabolic pathways of the gut microbiota as well as all the relationships with the weight gain process.