Cadastro, mapeamento e análise de acessibilidade para pessoas com deficiência física/motora ou mobilidade reduzida: estudo comparativo entre duas avenidas em Maceió, Alagoas

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The deprivation of a portion of the population of their full right to the city is a characteristic eplicated in several Brazilian cities, depending on the region of the city in which this population is located. This is mainly due to the factors of social class and race, which are historically linked and are reflected territorially until today. This deprivation can be even more pronounced when considering some specificities of the population. A key aspect in relation to the right to the city is mobility and accessibility for people with physical disabilities or reduced mobility, making this the specificity that underlies this research. This aspect, although extremely important, presents a great lack of information and knowledge on the part of municipalities. Taking this into account, the execution of this research allowed to understand, with the help of geotechnologies, the dynamics of accessibility and its relation with the urban space, by mapping and comparing accessibility for people with physical/motor disabilities or reduced mobility on Vereador Dário Marsíglia and Doutor Antônio G. de Barros Avenues, located in the neighborhoods of Tabuleiro do Martins and Jatiúca, respectively, in Maceió. In addition, the properties facing such avenues were classified according to their type of use. The study areas were defined based on spatial analyses of income, race, infrastructure, afforestation and the presence of garbage on public streets in the city. This study revealed the racial and socioeconomic relationship in access to the city, since the regions with a mostly white population and higher income are exactly the regions contemplated with greater infrastructure, greater accessibility and, consequently, better urban mobility. Furthermore, such analyses evidenced the use of Geoprocessing, through a Geographic Information System (GIS), as essential for a more effective and inclusive territorial public management, by providing better urban planning and supporting better decision-making , optimizing the available products and services and, thus helping, the full right to the city.

Keywords: Accessibility; Urban Mobility; Mapping; Urban planning; Geoprocessing; Geographic Information System (GIS).