Parasitos adquiridos via ingestão de carne crua ou mal cozida: um enfoque nos parasitos de peixe

Abstract

The ingestion of raw meat, specifically fish, influenced by oriental culture, has been increasingly incorporated into the daily lives of Brazilians. The ingestion of "sushi" or "sashimi" can cause foodborne diseases such as anisaquiasis, known assushi worm, which is caused by larvae of anisaquids, such as those of the genera Anisakis and Pseudoterranova. Among other diseases, we can also mention diphyllobothriasis and capillariasis, which also have zoonotic potential associated with the consumption of raw fish meat. Among other diseases, we can also mention diphyllobothriasis and capillariasis, which also have zoonotic potential associated with the consumption of raw fish meat. Diphyllobothriasis is caused by a helminth of the species Diphyllobothrium latum, this species infects humans, causing obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting, and diarrhea. While capillariasis, is caused by a nematode of the genus Capillaria that parasitizes the small intestine, causing enteropathy in humans, the cycle of this parasite is initiated by the ingestion of food with contaminated eggs by fish. This study involves fish parasitology, where the fish described are of great commercial and food importance in the state of Alagoas. The fish were caught in the Mandaú-Manguaba Estuarine Lagoon Complex, specifically in the Mundaú Lagoon, a site that has been little studied in the area, but with a great diversity of fish species. Of the 64 necropsied fish specimens, 53 were parasitized, being 29 of Trichiurus lepturus, 20 of Larimus breviceps and four of Scomberomorus cavalla. But only 16 specimens of Trichiurus lepturus, 13 of Larimus breviceps and four of Scomberomorus cavalla, were parasitized with nematoda with zoonotic potential. Most of them were identified at the phylum or genus level, and it was not possible to identify them at the specific level. The family Anisakidae was the most abundant with identification of: Anisakis sp, Raphidascaris sp, Contracaecum sp, Terranova sp and Pseudoterranova sp. and less abundant the family Philometridae, with the genus Philometra sp. Lectures were given at schools in the Vergel do Lago region, where a part of the Mundaú lagoon with rich fishing potential for fish and mollusks is located, to alert parents and students about the risks of consuming raw or undercooked meat, besides teaching about the correct way to sanitize the hands, to freeze the fish meat, and to consume it.