A variação pronominal de primeira pessoa do plural na zona rural de Pariconha/AL

Abstract

In this study, we traced the sociolinguistic profile of speakers from the rural area of Pariconha/AL in relation to the pronominal variation of the first person plural nós/a gente in subject position, with the objective of analyzing whether there is variation between thepronouns in the speech of the pariconhences and which linguistic and social factors favor it. Todo so, we resort to Variationist Sociolinguistics (LABOV, 2008), which deals with linguistic variation and change and discussesthe different linguistic usesin theirsocial context. Followingsome basic steps of Labovian Sociolinguistics, the dependent variable and the independent variables were defined: verb tense, morphemic mark, formal parallelism, phonic salience, determination of the referent, sex, age group and education. So, in order to achieve the objectives proposed in this study, we used Silva's sample (2020), which wasstratified accordingto the variables gender, age group and schooling and collected in the rural community of Pariconha/AL. For the statistical analysis of the data, we used the computer program R (R CORE TEAM, 2018) which delimited the statistically significant variables and the statisticallynon-significant variablesin the variation understudy. As a result of thisstudy, we obtained 533occurrences of the pronoun a gente, which correspond to 68% of the realizations, and 250 occurrences of the standard pronoun we, which correspond to 32% of the realizations, showingthat there is variation between nós and a gente in the position ofsubject in the rural communityof Pariconha-AL. We also identify the significance of the verb tense, morphemic mark, formalparallelism, phonic salience, referent determination, age group and education level. Theextralinguistic conditioning of the age group reveals that there are indications of a change in progress through the implementation of the a gente variant among younger speakers. Linguistic conditioning is similar to other linguistic research, especially regarding verb tense and formal parallelism (SEARA, 2000; TAMANINE, 2010; FRANCESCHINI 2011; VITÓRIO 2016; VITÓRIO, 2017; SILVA, 2020; SOUZA, 2020). So, we conclude that the variation of the first person plural in the subject position in the rural community of Pariconha-Al is associated with both linguistic and extralinguistic conditioners. The results of this study contribute to understanding how the variable phenomenon of the first person plural is processed in the community under study and to the description of Brazilian Portuguese spoken in rural communities in the state of Alagoas.