Fatores que influenciam na resposta vacinal contra Hepatite B no adulto jovem em tratamento hemodialítico: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis become more predisposed to infections in most cases, in the same way as Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, due to frequent parenteral exposure. Preventing HBV infection through vaccination has proven to be the most effective measure to reduce complications. Therefore, this study aims to map the factors that influence the response to vaccination against Hepatitis B in young adult patients undergoing hemodialysis. This is an integrative review study. The research question was developed based on the Population, Concept, Context (PCC) strategy. Where: P – young adult; C – vaccination response against hepatitis B; C – hemodialysis treatment. The validation of the search strategy was defined with descriptors and keywords according to DeCS/MeSH and to combine them, Boolean operators (OR) and (AND) were used. The search was carried out in the following databases: Thesis Catalog And Dissertations (CAPES), MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE and SCOPUS. The eligibility criteria used were studies published in the last 10 years in English, Spanish and Portuguese and available in full. Sixteen studies were included in this review. The factors that influence the vaccine response against hepatitis B identified in this study were: nutritional status; use of vitamin D; sex; hemoglobin; serum urea; dialysis in the morning shift; sleep duration; anti-HCV positivity; adjuvanted vaccine; reinforced intradermal vaccine regimens in low dose with high frequency and high dose with low frequency; Diabetes Mellitus; Caucasoid ethnic group; patients with arteriovenous fistula (AVF); higher dialysis frequency; Body mass index; smoking; persistent alcohol intake; presence of Congestive Heart Failure; non-skin cancer and the presence of concomitant disease. Therefore, studies have highlighted the factors that influence the development of antibodies against the Hepatitis B Virus.