Atividade física, síndrome de Burnout e ansiedade de policiais penais da capital de Alagoas

Abstract

Criminal police officers (PP’s) are always subjected to the tensions that this work environment presents. These professionals have a very important role in the security of prison establishments and the activities inherent to the role are diverse, which means that they are frequently exposed to numerous stressful situations, such as intimidation, aggression and threats, imminent riots, situations which put them at risk of death or being taken hostage in rebellions. The present study aimed to evaluate whether the regular practice of physical activity is associated with a decrease in the perception of the outcomes of Burnout and Anxiety Syndrome in PP's in the capital of Alagoas. This is a cross-sectional study, with the participation of PP’s assigned to the Penitentiary System of the city of Maceió/AL. The study was carried out using a questionnaire applied in the form of an interview. The questionnaire initially consisted of questions that sought to characterize the population analyzed (gender, age, marital status). To analyze the practice of physical activity and sedentary behavior, questions from VIGITEL (2020 version) were used. To verify the existence of Burnout and anxiety, questions from the OLBI (Oldenburg Burnout Inventory) and the BAI (Beck Anxiety Inventory) were used, respectively. Relative and absolute frequency measures were used, as well as Pearson's chi-square test and logistic regression analyzes to test the association between the practice of physical activity and Burnout Syndrome and anxiety, adopting the p value < 0.05. 183 PPs participated (69.4% male), with an average age of 43.8 years (± 8.09). The majority of the population was classified as physically active (74.32%). There was also a high sedentary behavior (82.27%), differing between the sexes (male 86.6% vs. female 73.2%; X2 = 4.8364 and p<0.05). Around 80% of the population was overweight and obese; 40% have Burnout (male 68.3% vs. Female 31.6%; X2 = 0.0714 and p = 0.78) and 12% have higher levels of anxiety (male 9.4% vs. Female 17.8%; X2 = 2.5978 and p = 0.11). In the multivariate analysis, the association between sex, age, marital status, function, working hours, level of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the outcomes of Burnout Syndrome and Anxiety was observed. It was not possible to observe a significant relationship between the aforementioned variables and the outcomes studied, whose variables, marital status and age of participants, and marital status and workload for the outcomes Burnout Syndrome and Anxiety, respectively. In conclusion, it was observed that the practice of physical activity is not associated with a reduction in the outcomes of Burnout Syndrome and PP Anxiety. PP’s who are married/in a stable union and over the age of 39 are more likely to be affected by Burnout Syndrome and PP’s who are married/in a stable union and who have a greater workload are more likely to be affected by higher levels of anxiety.