O direito internacional e a construção da paz: conflito russo-ucraniano e política externa brasileira

Abstract

This study commits to analyze the perspectives of the Russo-Ukrainian War, from the angle of internacional law and Brazilian foreign policy, based on the theoretical standards, headed by the bibliographic research on the history of Ukraine, legal principles and the strategic position of Brazil. The main references used were the ideas of Amorim (2013), Cervo (2002) and Pinheiro (1995). The Russian-Ukrainian conflict, which broke out in February 2022, mobilized the global geopolitical sphere, due to its impact in power arrangements, mainly as it symbolized a more intense dispute between the western bloc’s and Russia’s desires. Thereby, the legal guides of the confrontation permeate the structure of international law after the Second World War, according to the effort to create the collective security system, based on a new civilizing pact, the Charter of the United Nations. Hence, the principles appear as guidance in this process, especially in view of the application in concrete cases. In this conflict resolution process, after the creation of the UN, peaceful methods raise, from the perspective of a multipolar context. Thereunto, governments admit strategic positions, when directing their foreign policies, aiming for protecting its interests. That is the case of Brazil, that adhere to a multilateral and developmental agenda, aimed at promoting peace, which tends to reflect in its international positions, as in the Russo-Ukrainian War.