Concepções e práticas de profissionais do Consultório na Rua acerca da redução de danos

Abstract

This study has as its object the conceptions and practices of Street Clinic professionals regarding Harm Reduction and is driven by the guiding question “What are the conceptions and practices of Street Clinic professionals regarding Harm Reduction?” Harm Reduction can be understood as an ethical-clinical-political perspective of care, which understands the complex crossings of man and the relationships he establishes with psychoactive substances. From this, it intervenes with the user with subsidies to prevent the “abusive” or problematic use of psychoactive substances through person-centered practices. The objective was to understand the conceptions and practices of Street Clinic professionals regarding Harm Reduction. This is an exploratory-descriptive study of a qualitative nature. The study setting was the capital of Alagoas, Maceió. 21 professionals from Street Clinic participated in this research. The information was produced using the focus group technique. The treatment and interpretation of information were developed with reference to the thematic analysis method proposed by Minayo. The study was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Alagoas and approved with opinion number 5.501.153. The results were organized and systematized into two thematic categories, namely: conceptions about Harm Reduction and Technologies used in the production of care. Mostly, concepts and practices emerged regarding harm reduction related to the use of light care technologies such as respect, bonding and acceptance. They spoke about harm reduction as a promotion of quality of life, as well as a possibility to overcome the problematic use of psychoactive substances and guarantee the rights of the Homeless Population. Furthermore, regarding the technologies used in the production of care, harm reduction practices linked to the use of light technologies in the production of care were mainly listed, such as therapeutic bonds, network provision, conversation circles, respect, leisure and the arts; followed by the use of soft-hard technologies, such as giving guidance, talking, listening, explaining and delivering information; and, finally, the use of hard technologies such as the supply of honey, water, condoms and pipes. Carrying out this study made it possible to understand the topic of Harm Reduction from the perspective of Street Clinic professionals. The concepts and knowledge articulated here allow us to elucidate how the ethical-clinical-political paradigm of Damage Reduction is associated with the perspective of “Living Work”, aiming at the hegemony of light technologies in the technical composition of work, while it emerges as a function of and with the user. Furthermore, the study has the potential to contribute to health services in favor of work processes that focus on caring for the person, providing subsidies that enable the appropriation of work for humanized practice, promoting bonding and autonomy to the subject, as recommended by the National Humanization Policy.