Ciências nos anos finais do ensino fundamental: contribuições do livro didático para o estudo sobre pandemia

Abstract

The Covid-19 Pandemic and other pandemics experienced by society caused numerous interferences in various sectors of society, especially in Education. In this investigation, we analyze the potential of Science Textbooks to facilitate discussions and promote knowledge in Science classes about this theme- Pandemics. The main objective was to analyze which and how the contents of the Science Textbook, for the final years of Elementary School, can contribute to the understanding of the COVID-19 Pandemic. To develop the work, three collections were analyzed: Araribá Mais Ciências, Teláris Sciences and Natural Sciences: learning from everyday life made available by the PNLD, provided to schools in the municipal networks of Alagoas, covering the years 2020 to 2023, specifically the Final Years Elementary School (6th to 9th grade). Following the systematics of a documentary research, with a qualitative approach, the data of this investigation were analyzed in the light of Bardim's Content Analysis (2016). We analyzed the clippings of the Textbooks and the tables that highlight the educational approaches to investigate the object of study, which are related to social contexts, so the research is also based on the assumptions of Critical Historical Pedagogy. With the research, it was possible to emphasize the importance of the Textbook and lesson plans to work on the generating theme, Pandemic. After the comparative analysis of the three collections, it was observed that the Teláris Sciences collection presented better contextualization regarding the approach of the content and the visual and didactic resources, in addition, it presented more aspects of the critical historical pedagogy, highlighting social aspects that must be worked on in classroom. It is expected that this investigation generates concerns and can contribute to the development of future works that approach the importance of Science for the health of society, emphasizing the role of the Textbook as an ally of teaching work, in the educational context, which is also a of the main resources used in the classroom to build scientific knowledge, even with the rise of digital devices.