Viabilidade de implementação de políticas públicas de gestão de mobilidade na cidade de Maceió-AL

Abstract

The increasing levels of congestion and pollution, which directly affect aspects related to productivity, health and public economy, as well as global climate change, have awakened political entities to the need to abandon the idea that the solution to reduce the negative impacts inherent to the use of automobiles lies in the construction of new highways and roads. On the contrary, in order to mitigate these impacts, it is necessary to implement public policies that discourage this use and, at the same time, promote alternative means that are linked to sustainable urban mobility. In this context, Mobility Management emerges as a tool that aims to reverse the current scenario, enabling the promotion of sustainable mobility. Thus, this work aims to analyze the potential for applying Mobility Management strategies, namely: parking pricing, emission pricing, congestion pricing, reallocation of road space for people, limited traffic zones and vehicle rotation, in the context of downtown Maceió-AL. To this end, examples of implementation of these strategies in cities in Brazil and worldwide were collected in order to verify the challenges inherent to their adoption. Furthermore, public policies that do not include in their scope a financial compensation by the drivers were emphasized. In the meantime, from the detailed case studies, parameters were determined to investigate the feasibility of implementing these policies in nine streets located in downtown Maceió, three of which were prioritized in the study in question, namely: Alegria Street, Dois de Dezembro Street and Augusta Street. The results obtained showed that public policies for the reallocation of road space for people have greater potential for applicability in the context of downtown Maceió, since these are associated with a lower degree of technological, political and financial complexity. In this context, based on the data obtained, it was suggested that Alegria Street becomes an exclusive pedestrian street and Dois de Dezembro Street becomes a complete street. Moreover, as far as Rua Augusta is concerned, it was only recommended that its sidewalks be widened.