Transformações econômicas e sociais no nordeste brasileiro: um estudo comparativo de Alagoas e Paraíba

Abstract

Possessing in the process of formation particularities in the which bring until today, Paraíba and Alagoas are carriers of a dialectical relation of delay and dynamism that reflect their legacies of the colonial period. The resulting genesis in this scenario is mainly rooted in the process of sociospatial training, where through the sugar activity being the main agricultural production stimulated by federal policies and through the phases of expansion of foreign markets, It enabled the maintenance of oligarchies that use privileges making reflect about a manor-coronelística mentality that hangs until today. However, at the core of this society, through periods of crises of sugar production during the colonial period, there was the stimulus to occupy lands, expanding the land property for the Agreste. In this region through the Geographic combinations associated with expansion phase of the first Kondratieff, driven by the first Industrial Revolution, cotton gained ground, making Brazil one of the major producers of fiber and northeast rivaling the sugar culture, reaching its peak with the outbreak of Civil War in the United States. The incorporation of united new technologies to necessity of substitution imports stimulated the regional textile industry in which allowed Campina Grande to become one of the main squares of beneficiation. This production linked to this shopping street, the arrival of railroads, and trade, worked in Agreste of Paraíba a city considered regional capital. Tobacco production in Alagoas Agreste in the second half of the twentieth century associated to shopping street, also result in a development in the city of Arapiraca, which taking advantage of this golden period modernized it and won the title of the main shopping center of Alagoas Agreste. The fact is that such activity has also brought a small commodity production resulting years later in dynamic entrepreneurs. In this perspective the present study search to understand the reasons of economic barriers and the dynamism of both states, and which took to cities located in the Agreste are so dynamics. For this, we rely on the theoretical and methodological framework focused on the understanding of variables such as training Socio-Spatial, Duality Brazilian (Rangel, 1981), Cycles of Kondratieff (Mamigonian, 1999) and geographic combinations (Cholley,1964) among others.