Laboratório de enfermagem: contribuição para a formação crítica do enfermeiro

Abstract

This research has as its main objective to study the contribution of the nursing laboratory in the thought formation of the registered nurse. Its specific objectives are: to analyze this contribution in the thought formation of the registered nurse; grasp the understanding of the purpose of the nursing laboratory as a contribution to the formation of registered nurses as seen by the nursing professors teaching in the undergraduate program of nursing; characterize the nursing laboratories in the undergraduate program in nursing as to its substructure. The adopted theorical reference was seen in critical teachings by Paulo Freire. This study is of the qualitative, exploratory and descriptive type. The participants are the nursing professors in two nursing schools of higher education. The methodology used was an analysis of content in the area of the theme. The analysis originated from two groups of data:1) relative to the substructure of the laboratories and 2) relative to the understanding of the nursing professor in regard to the nursing laboratory and its contribution to the thought formation of a registered nurse. The research instruments used were: a structured guide for the substructure and a semi-structured interview guide. In the analysis of the substructure the following elements were considered: organizational, environmental, as well as specific technical personnel and working material and also the physical area. The analysis of the opinions of the participants opened up three topics:1) The nursing laboratory used as a measure of the teaching-learning process; 2) The nearness and farness from the thought formation; 3) The potentialities and challenges of the nursing laboratory. The results showed that the substructure of the laboratories show a hospital-centered characteristic in the lack of a learning scene for basic nursing care skills. As far as the understanding of the nursing professors in regard to the objective of the study, it can be concluded that the professors understand the nursing laboratory as an important and essential teaching-learning space in the formation of a registered nurse, with the promising of the formation of security and self-confidence in the giving of basic nursing care skills. This is favorable to the formation of positive relationships between professors and students, and being an easier way of evaluation of a thoughtful reflection of the basic nursing care skills, with many potentialities yet to develop. It is hoped that with this study subsidies to the thoughtful reflection of the professor, students and administrators as to the formation of registered nurses using the nursing laboratory with its characteristics, potentialities and challenges being considered remembering that besides the teaching of basic nursing care skills, the ethical, critical and humanitarian perspective is essential in giving quality nursing care.