O Impacto do ruído de canteiro de obra na qualidade acústica da circunvizinhança: estudo de caso: recorte do bairro da Jatiúca, cidade de Maceió-AL.

Abstract

Due to the fast growth of cities, the society started to deal with serious environmental problems that affect directly the natural resources, infrastructure, urban conditions of the urban grid, and the still underrated sound quality of the region. Therefore, for the expansion of cities, the implementation of infrastructure and services is required, leading to increased construction works, which, in the center of the concept, are emitters of noise polluters in the environment. Under these circumstances, it is critical to monitor and evaluate the urban environment since it directly influences the general state of health. This study aims to analyze the sound impact generated by the noise produced by the construction site of a multifamily building, checking how the interaction between sound sources of the work and the urban form influences the soundscape, with a case study of a portion of the metropolitan area located in the neighborhood of Jatiúca, in the city of Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. Physical data and measurements of the sound pressure level of the urban area during active and inactive construction were collected. The study was based on the application of software for mapping and acoustic prediction, which analyzed first the current sound setting and then the hypothetical scenarios created by changes in height, occupancy rate and number of inhabitants in the surrounding buildings. The results in measurements in situ under the influence of active work were above the permitted level by the applicable Brazilian standard, and the simulations showed that the physical traits of urban form influence the sound propagation outdoors and, therefore, the sound environment of a particular region. It is expected that this work produces benefits for future interventions in the area, creating new parameters of standards for construction, resulting in influence on the course of the proper growth of the city and the requirements for new buildings.