A seca e o sertão sob dois olhares: uma análise das obras O Quinze de Rachel de Queiroz, e Os Retirantes, de José do Patrocínio

Abstract

This study seeks to analyze the works O Quinze (1930), by Rachel de Queiroz and Os Tirantes (1879), by José do Patrocínio. In summary, these authors bring in their works the withdrawal of the Northeastern people due to the droughts that hit the Northeast region in the years 1915 and 1877, respectively. In their diaspora, migrants are being dispossessed of their property, animals, moral values and even family members. The image of the Northeast region has always been related to the drought phenomenon and there are countless works of Brazilian literature that deal with this theme, giving the group of such works the name of Literature of Droughts. Emerged in the last decades of the 19th century, when the northeastern hinterland, specifically the Ceará region, suffered from the consequences of the great drought of 1877-1880, this literature lasts until the mid-thirties, gaining more space and prominence in the so-called Romance de Thirty. Therefore, this work is inscribed in the perspective of literary studies and aimsto analyze the way in which José do Patrocínio and Rachel de Queiroz narrated the drought and the sertão and built in their novels, each in its own way, images, figures and narratives. about the drought that hit the people of Ceará at different times in history. We will seek to demonstrate through a critical-literary analysis which images, figures and elements, throughout the narratives, resemble and/or diverge and how such elements built and sedimented the image of a region that seems to be closely related to drought, hunger and misery. For our analysis, we are based on works dedicated to the theme of drought in the Northeast and to the construction ofthe image ofthis region through this phenomenon, such as Albuquerque Júnior (2011), André Scoville (2011), Camila Burgardt (2014), among others that helped to understand the recurrences and disparities of the analyzed works.