Análise dos impactos da lei n°14.133/2021 no processo licitatório de obra civil: estudo de caso da construção de creches públicas em Alagoas

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the changes and impacts brought by the New Public Procurement Law (Law No. 14.133/2021) on the contracting of public works, focusing on the competitive bidding modality and the Integrated Contracting Regime, in comparison to previous legislations (Laws No. 8.666/1993 and No. 12.462/2011). To achieve this objective, the research adopted a documentary case study methodology, analyzing a bidding process conducted by the State of Alagoas for the construction of public daycare centers, governed by the regulations preceding the new law. The study involved examining the stages of the bidding process, the required documentation, established deadlines, and the identified obstacles. Subsequently, the requirements and innovations of Law No. 14.133/2021 were compared with the practices observed in the analyzed case. The main findings indicate that the new legislation incorporates advances previously found in the Differentiated Contracting Regime , such as the Integrated Contracting Regime, the inversion of procedural phases, and a single appeals stage. Moreover, it introduces new planning tools, including the Demand Formalization Document, the Preliminary Technical Study, and the Annual Procurement Plan. The law also centralizes information through the National Public Procurement Portal, standardizes documents, reduces publication costs in physical media, and strengthens the segregation of duties among public agents. It is concluded that the implementation of Law No. 14.133/2021 addresses structural deficiencies present in previous regulations, contributing to greater efficiency, transparency, and quality in public procurement in Brazil.