Aplicação de bancos de capacitores para correção de fator de potência: um estudo de caso com consumidores do grupo A

Abstract

This study analyzes the application of capacitor banks for power factor correction in high-voltage consumer units classified as Group A. It addresses the theoretical foundations related to power quality, as well as the current national regulations, with emphasis on Module 8 of the Procedures for the Distribution of Electric Energy in the National Electrical System and Regulatory Resolution N° 1,000/2021 of the National Electric Energy Agency. The case study was conducted in an industrial facility located in the rural area of the state of Alagoas, where a power quality analysis was performed. Based on the measured data, an automatic capacitor bank was designed, targeting a power factor of 0.95. To assess the economic feasibility of this technical solution, the following indicators were used: payback period, net present value, and internal rate of return. Additionally, a load flow analysis was carried out using the OpenDSS software to evaluate the impacts of the installation on both the facility and the power distribution system. The results demonstrated the elimination of penalties for excessive reactive power, reduction of power losses, and improvement of the voltage profile. The adopted methodology confirmed that power factor correction through capacitor banks is an efficient, safe, and economically advantageous measure for high-voltage consumers, contributing positively to the performance of the power distribution network.