A atuação do profissional de enfermagem na reanimação cardiopulmonar neonatal na sala de parto: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Introduction: Neonatal cardiorespiratory arrest occurs when a newborn's heart and breathing stop, with neonatal asphyxia being the most common cause. It is estimated that one in ten newborns requires assistance breathing at birth, with perinatal asphyxia being one of the main causes, contributing to approximately 1 million neonatal deaths per year globally. Neonatal resuscitation, in turn, consists of emergency actions for the newborn to ensure cardiorespiratory function. In this scenario, the prompt and skilled action of the nursing team is essential, including environmental preparation, early detection of complications, and implementation of permitted procedures to prevent harm to the newborn. Objective: To analyze the available scientific evidence on the nursing team's responsibilities in newborn care during delivery room resuscitation. Method and materials: This is an integrative review, with searches conducted in April and May 2025 in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Google Scholar, Scientific Abstract and Citation Database (Scopus), and ScienceDirect, using the Health Science Descriptors: Nursing Care, Nursing, Neonatal Resuscitation, and Delivery Room, using the Boolean operator "AND." Full-text articles available in English, Portuguese, and Spanish from the last 5 years were included. Duplicate articles, other reviews, editorials, protocols, guidelines, dissertations, theses, and papers on adult and out-of-delivery room resuscitation were excluded. Results: Of the 676 results, 14 articles were selected. The literature shows that limited professional experience in neonatal emergency settings, combined with the lack of regular practical training and poor communication among team members, significantly contributes to the increased mortality rates from cardiopulmonary arrest in newborns. Conclusion: The literature confirms the importance of neonatal resuscitation, which requires rapid, technical, and safe nursing practice. Therefore, ongoing training, updated protocols, and resource organization are essential to ensure effective care, reduce neonatal mortality, and promote qualified and humane care.