Deficiência de 25-hidroxivitamina D em nutrizes e efeitos da suplementação de vitamina D na saúde da mulher e na composição do leite materno: uma revisão narrativa

Abstract

The present study discusses the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in pregnant or Iactating women, as well as the effects of vitamin D supplementation on women's health related to the composition of breast milk. This narrative review aims to summarize academic research in order to determine the main issues related to the supplementation of this fat-soluble vitamin and, consequently, its deficiency in the risk group, which is linked to the supply of breast milk by breastfeeding mothers. Specific objectives include characterizing the original studies in relation to the evaluated sample, differentiating the percentages of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in the evaluated population, comparing the composition of breast milk before and after supplementation, determining the dosage of supplementation with the described effects, identify the period of supplementation that produces the best results, as well as control for the most common supplementation method in entry-level studies In Pubmed and Scielo, two of the most important sources of data in the field of health science. Articles that discuss vitamin D deficiency and supplementation in pregnant women, supplemented or not, and its effects on women's health and breast milk composition were searched. The languages used in the search strategy for the terms described were English, Portuguese and Spanish. These terms were searched in the MeSH and Decs descriptors. The results of the studies demonstrate that the prevalence of vitamin D deficit in the constitution of breast milk and in the nursing mother's body is strongly evidenced, especially in the control groups. On the other hand, nursing mothers who receive higher doses of 25 (OH) D supplementation provide, through serum and breast milk, acceptable amounts of the nutrient for the infant's body, promoting adequate growth in the first months of birth.