Homem versus máquina? Forças produtivas e crítica da tecnologia capitalista na obra de Karl Marx

Abstract

This thesis is the result of a study on the essential determinations of Karl Marx's critique of capitalist technology, starting from the demand in Marxism to synthesize the elements of this critique that are inherent to capital itself, regardless of its concrete manifestations throughout history. Marx's trajectory in formulating and developing this critique is the thread that guides the exposition in sections 2 and 3. His more philosophical and political studies before revolutions of 1848 give way to economic formulations in the 1850s and 1860s; the perspective of the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production considered abstractly gain a systematic development on their most developed capitalist manifestation, under the aegis of the gigantic automaton that was formed in the period of large-scale industry, the theories of value and surplus value in all expositions of Capital represent the theoreticalscientific evidence of the antagonistic nature in relation with labour that is expressed in the productive forces and capitalist technology