Mineração criminosa e o (não) direito à cidade o caso das comunidades Flexal de cima e Flexal de baixo em Maceió-AL

Abstract

Maceió, the capital of the state of Alagoas, has been experiencing the largest socioenvironmental disaster in urban scale in Brazil for the past 6 years, resulting from the criminal exploitation by the Braskempetrochemical company. With more than 57,000 residents forcibly displaced from five neighborhoods, the socio-urban impacts also affect adjacent communities, which are forced to remain in their homes despite being isolated by neighborhoods with no remaining urbanity. This work aims to propose a critical-theoretical analysis regarding the socio-spatial impacts of land subsidence on the right to the city of the Flexal de Cima and Flexal de Baixo communities. To this end, through the analysis of documents and technical reports, and monitoring of news about the community, a diagnosis was made of the vulnerability and rights transgression experienced by this population. The literature review on concepts of disasters, risk, forced displacement, resistance, and the right to the city is essential to formulating a critical analysis of the situation and the measures being adopted by government spheres. Based on the surveys, it was possible to trace a chronology in which the process of invisibility and isolation of the Flexals occurred since their formation, being accentuated by the ongoing crime. Inserted into a situation of socio-urban isolation, the communities of Flexal de Cima and Flexal de Baixo, affected by the consequences of this land subsidence, face a situation of invisibility, in which the right to housing, mobility, collective use of public spaces, and reparation for the lost urban life condition are being denied to them. Furthermore, the stances adopted by government spheres reinforce a coercive and exclusionary urban planning, which disregards the population's desires and favors the scenario of denial of the right to the city. Thus, from these discussions and questions, the creation of new futures is envisaged, where there is a struggle - and application - for the right to the city.