A identidade narrativa vista em Pessoa: um capítulo heterônimo de O Si-Mesmo como Outro

Abstract

In philosophy, the problem of personal identity corresponds to the following question: What is relevant, so that a person over time, given the possible changes and trajectories that are subject to pass through life, can be recognized and identified as the same? What is enough to assert that personal identity remains the same over time?Facing this problem, Paul Ricoeur, in his book Soi-mêmecomme un autre, makes a thematic analysis of the relation between sameness and ipseity, always presupposed in the discussion of personal identity. This analysis is based on the development of a narrative theory capable of filling the gap left by the distinction between sameness and selfhood in the case of personal identity. Its intention is that the narrative theory exercised as mediation between them is the sufficient medium through which a person identifies himself as being the same over time. With this in view, to discuss with Ricoeur in this work, will be present: Fernando Pessoa, his Bernardo Soares, aSemi-heteronym s well as his heteronyms: Álvaro de Campos, Alberto Caeiro and Ricardo Reis, who in a predominant way, when approaching the subject of subjectivity in his writings, whether in the form of prose or in the form of Poetry, are said to be depersonalized, fragmented and uncertain, confessed unable to find the mediation of an identity as a unit. In this sense, we will seek to discuss and understand in detail the theme of personal identity since Paul Ricoeur and his vision of narrative identity, as well as the sense of the character of the fragmentation of subjectivity in the work and life of Fernando Pessoa, in interaction with his peers fictitious writers , Aiming at clarifying and understanding the limits of the theory of the Ricoeurian narrative identity, taking the personal case of the manifestation of the multiple, depersonalized and fragmented subjectivity as a counterpoint from which one can think limits to the thesis of the narrative identity of the French Philosopher.